Not
the Native Americans or the South. Not
Libya or Japan. Not even quiet Canada. A little known but highly illustrative bit of
history:
. . .
1866-67; A hundred
and fifty years ago, in the months leading up to Canada becoming a sovereign
nation, the US had formulated a plan to annex and invade Canada.
In the late 1920s, Washington
formulated a detailed plan to invade Canada, entitled “Joint Army and Navy
Basic War Plan — Red”. The plan was approved by the US War Department under
the presidency of Herbert Hoover in 1930. It was updated in 1934 and 1935
during the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt. It was withdrawn in 1939
following the outbreak of the Second World War.
M. C. December
20, 2017
***
Canada Day July 1st
is an opportunity for Canadians to reflect on issues of national sovereignty.
Territorial control
over Canada has been part of Washington’s geopolitical and military agenda
since the 1860s, following the end of the American civil war.
In 1867, Canada
became a nation, a federation, under the British North America Act, largely
in response to the threat of annexation by the United States as formulated in a
bill adopted by the US Congress in 1866:
“A Bill for the
admission of the States of Nova Scotia, New Brunswick, Canada East, and Canada
West, and for the organization of the Territories of Selkirk, Saskatchewan, and
Columbia. (Annexation Bill)” (see map below)
. . .
Most
Canadians are unaware that a Bill
to Annex Canada into the US was introduced and adopted by the
US Congress in 1866 prior to the 1867 Alaska Purchase from Russia. The Complete
text of the 1866 Bill is contained in Annex to this article.
The text of the bill is tantamount to an invasion plan. It was to come into force upon its
proclamation by US president Andrew
Johnson (left). It included the territories of British North
America from Newfoundland and the Maritimes to British Columbia, extending
North into the Hudson Bay territory and North West Territory bordering onto
“Russian America”. (i.e Alaska) (See map below)
It
consisted in the outright confiscation of public lands. It also implied US
control over the trans Canada railway system, waterways, canals as well as
control over the Saint Lawrence seaway.
The
US government had also contemplated paying “compensation” to the Hudson Bay
Company. This consisted essentially in a plan to confiscate the territories
under H.B.C jurisdiction (see map), “in full discharge of all claims to
territory or jurisdiction in North America, whether founded on the charter of
the [Hudson Bay] company or any treaty, law, or usage.”
The
United States will pay ten millions of dollars to the Hudson Bay Company in
full discharge of all claims to territory or jurisdiction in North America,
whether founded on the charter of the company or any treaty, law, or usage.
(Article XI)
The
territorial division of British North America is outlined in the bill.
The various constituent “Canadian states” would conform to US laws in setting
up their legislature.
. . .
While
the 1866 Annexation project was stalled upon the adoption of the British North
American Act in 1867, US plans to annex and/or invade Canada militarily have to
this date remained on the books.
In
the late 1920s, Washington formulated a detailed plan to invade Canada,
entitled “Joint Army and Navy
Basic War Plan — Red”. The plan was approved by the US War
Department under the presidency of Herbert Hoover (right) in 1930. It was
updated in 1934 and 1935 during the presidency of Franklin D. Roosevelt. It was
withdrawn in 1939 following the outbreak of the Second World War.
Secretary
of War Patrick J. Hurley
(left below) was largely instrumental in the formulation and approval of Plan
Red by the US administration.
The plan to invade Canada consisted of a
94-page document “with the word SECRET stamped on the cover. It had been
formulated over a period of over five years (See text in Annex).
In February 1935, the [US] War Department
arranged a Congressional appropriation of $57 million dollars to build three
border air bases for
the purposes of pre-emptive surprise attacks on Canadian air fields. The base
in the Great Lakes region was to be camouflaged as a civilian airport and was
to “be capable of dominating the industrial heart of Canada, the Ontario Peninsula” from p. 61 of the
February 11-13, 1935, hearings of the Committee on Military Affairs, House of
Representatives, on Air Defense Bases (H.R. 6621 and H.R. 4130). This testimony
was to have been secret but was published by mistake. See the New York Times,
May 1, 1935, p. 1.
In August 1935, the US held its largest peacetime military
manoeuvres in history, with 36,000 troops converging at the Canadian border
south of Ottawa, and another 15,000 held in reserve in Pennsylvania. The war game scenario was a US motorized
invasion of Canada, with the defending forces initially repulsing the invading
Blue forces, but eventually to lose “outnumbered and outgunned” when Blue
reinforcements arrive. This according to the Army’s pamphlet “Souvenir of of
the First Army Maneuvers: The Greatest Peace Time Event in US History” (p.2). (
Professor F.W. Rudmin
Queen’s University Kingston, Ontario, Comments on “War Plan Red”, see complete
text in Annex III)
One
of the updates to the 1930 invasion plan was the use of chemical weapons
against civilians:
“In 1934, War Plan Red was amended to
authorize the immediate first use of poison gas against Canadians and to use strategic bombing to destroy
Halifax if it could not be captured.” (Ibid)
It
is worth noting that in the course of World War II, a decision was taken
by the War Department to retain the invasion plan on the books. War Plan Red
was declassified in 1974.
. . .
The Canadian federal
government and military were fully aware of these “Secret” US plans to invade
Canada. In the 1920s, Lieutenant James “Buster” Sutherland Brown
had been appointed Director of Military Operations and Intelligence in Ottawa
to address the issue of Canada’s national security. His tasks consisted
in developing contingency war plans in the case of a US attack against the
Dominion of Canada. Under the helm of “Buster” Sutherland Brown
(subsequently promoted to Brigadier), Canada’s response to US threats was
formulated under “Defence Scheme No. 1”, a counterattack contingency
plan, in the case of a US invasion.
“Defense Scheme No.
1” was abandoned in 1931 by Canada’s chief of the general staff, A.G.L.
McNaughton (following the adoption of “War Plan Red” in 1930) , on the grounds
that “the Americans would inevitably win such a war” and there was no use in
acting upon a contingency plan.
Ottawa had caved in.
The watershed decision by the Conservative government of Prime Minister R.
B. Bennett which came to office in August 1930 to abandon a Canada national
defense plan constituted a de facto recognition of US hegemony in North
America. While the invasion of Canada under Joint Army and
Navy Basic War Plan — Red was never carried out, the military threat of an
invasion plan served to oblige Canada to ultimately surrender to US political
and economic pressures.
Let us remember on
Canada Day, July 1st, that the greatest threat to Canadian national sovereignty
emanates from US plans of “deep integration”, . . .
. . .
Source: Prof Michel Chossudovsky, https://www.globalresearch.ca/reflecting-on-canadas-sovereignty-americas-plan-to-annex-and-invade-canada/5341097, opened 29 March 2018
Now,
just like the South, Canada the vassal state gets dragged into nearly every
military conflict Washington City sees fit to launch. The Ukraine is a perfect ensample:
Considering
its history and its current leadership, seen and unseen, no one should trust
any statements coming out of Washington City promising peace and friendship. No one.
--
Holy
Ælfred the Great, King of England, South Patron, pray for us sinners at the Souð, unworthy though we are!
Anathema
to the Union!
