Celebrating
some of the saints from the South’s Christian inheritance of various lands:
Universal
Church Feasts:
1st
– The Protecting Veil of the Mother of God (10th hundredyear).
6th
– The Holy Apostle Thomas.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/06/102885-holy-glorious-apostle-thomas
9th
– The Holy Apostle James, Son of Alphaeus.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/09/102916-apostle-james-son-of-alphaeus
9th
– Righteous Abraham and Lot.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/09/102909-righteous-forefather-abraham
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/09/102910-righteous-lot
11th
– Sunday of the Holy Fathers of the Seventh Ecumenical Council (+787).
At this Council, the veneration of holy icons was upheld and the icon-smashers
were condemned.
On
the importance of icons for the Christian life:
http://orthodoxinfo.com/general/gen_icons.aspx
A
miracle of an icon of the Lord Jesus Christ in Phoenicia that occurred among
the Jews there in the 4th hundredyear:
Many
suffered fierce persecution for their veneration of the holy icons. St
Theophanes the Hymnographer (9th hundredyear) was branded on his
face, among other tortures, for his defense of icons.
11th
– Holy Apostle Philip of the 70, one of the seven deacons.
18th
– Holy Apostle and Evangelist Luke.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/18/102993-apostle-and-evangelist-luke
23rd
– Holy Apostle James the Brother of the Lord (+63). Holy Apostle James,
the Brother of God (Adelphotheos) was the son of Righteous Joseph the Betrothed
of the Most Holy Theotokos (December 26). From his early years James was a
Nazarene, a man especially dedicated to God. The Nazarenes vowed to preserve
their virginity, to abstain from wine, to refrain from eating meat, and not to
cut their hair. The vow of the Nazarenes symbolized a life of holiness and
purity, commanded formerly by the Lord for all Israel. When the Savior began to
teach the nation about the Kingdom of God, Saint James believed in Christ and
became His apostle. He was chosen as the first Bishop of Jerusalem. Saint James
presided over the Council of Jerusalem and his word was decisive (Acts 15). In
his thirty years as bishop, Saint James converted many of the Jews to Christianity.
Annoyed by this, the Pharisees and the Scribes plotted together to kill Saint
James. . . . The rest is at https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/23/103039-apostle-james-the-brother-of-the-lord .
Africa:
3rd
– St Dionysius of Alexandria and the eight martyrs with him (+257/8). He was a disciple of Origen and became a priest in
Alexandria. He became Bishop of Alexandria in 247, serving not only his own see
but the whole Church with fervor and compassion. He traveled to Rome to fight
the Novatian schisms that disturbed the Body of Christ at that time, and
mediated in the dispute between St Cyprian (September 16) and the Pope. During
the reign of Valerian, the new Governor of Alexandra, Emilianus, summoned St
Dionysius, along with a group of his clergy, and demanded that they renounce
Christ. When all stood firm in the Faith, he exiled them to the remote village
of Kephro. But Christians flocked to the village to seek out the holy Bishop,
and many pagans in the region were converted by him — so that soon the town was
more nearly a Christian mission than a place of exile. When Emilianus learned
of this, he exiled the Bishop and his disciples far into the wilderness, where
they lived amidst terrible sufferings and hardships for more than twelve years.
Saint Dionysius and his deacons Gaius and Faustus all died there; Eusebius the
deacon and Maximus the priest eventually escaped. Eusebius became Bishop of
Laodicea; Maximus, like his spiritual father, became Bishop of Alexandria.
https://www.holytrinityorthodox.com/iconoftheday/los/October/03-05.htm
4th
– St Ammon of Egypt (+4th hundredyear). "Our holy Father
Ammon's parents died in his childhood. He was brought up by an uncle, who made
him marry when he was still very young. On the night of his wedding, as soon as
he and his wife retired to the bridal chamber, Ammon took up the holy
Scriptures and read the passage in the Epistle to the Corinthians where the
Apostle speaks of the disadvantages of marriage because of all the troubles and
cares that come with it, while virgins consecrated to the Lord can devote
themselves without distraction to prayer and to spiritual labour. Both spouses
took the following words literally: From now on, let those who
have wives be as though they had none... and those who deal with the world, as
though they had no dealings with it (1 Cor. 7:29,31). They decided to
remain in their virginity and to retire together to a desert place where they
could give themselves over to prayer and fasting. They set out for the mountain
of Nitria, some way from Alexandria, and settled in a little hut there. But,
living together as man and woman, they soon realized the inexpedience of
tempting nature head-on and of provoking the attacks of demons. They parted
company, therefore, each to live separately in ascesis. Ammon never used wine
or oil but lived only on dry bread that he ate every two or three days.
"His manner of life was pleasing to
the Lord, and a great many brethren who wanted to embrace the monastic life
soon came to join him. When a new aspirant arrived, Ammon would immediately let
him have his own cell with everything in it, and the other brethren would
secretly bring provisions to the newcomer or whatever else might be useful.
This showed that fraternal love was first among the laws observed in this
ever-growing brotherhood. In a few years, under the direction of Ammon, the
desert of Nitria was transformed into a veritable city. Some of the brethren
now wanted to build their cells at a distance where they could live in greater
solitude, so when one day Saint Antony the Great came to visit him, Abba Ammon
asked his advice about the place to choose. At the ninth hour, after taking a
scanty meal together, they walked in the desert until sunset, when they set up
a cross at the place they had reached, so that those who wanted to could build
their cells there with the blessing of the two Elders. 'In this way' , Abba
Antony said, 'the brethren coming from Nitria, after a meal at the ninth hour,
to see those who are here, will meet them at this moment. And if those who
leave here to go to Nitria do the same, they will not lose their hesychia (stillness).' This was how the desert of Kellia ('the Cells') came to be established almost twelve miles
from Nitria. More than six hundred monks were soon living there, each in his
own cell.
"Saint Ammon and Saint Antony were
united in a deep spiritual friendship. When Abba Ammon gave up his soul in
peace to the Lord at Nitria, Antony, far away on his mountain, broke off the
conversation he was having with some monks and, in ecstasy, saw the soul of
Ammon going up to Heaven accompanied by the joyful hymns of a multitude of
angels. Among other words inspired by the Holy Spirit, Saint Ammon said, 'Bear
with everyone as God bears with you'." (Synaxarion)
http://www.abbamoses.com/months/october.html
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/044.html
4th
– Sts Marcus, Marcian, and those martyred with them. THE FOURTH edict of
Dioclesian produced in the years 304 and 305 a frightful slaughter of
Christians in Egypt, particularly in Thebais. Eusebius says, that after
suffering scourges, tearing with iron hooks, disjointing of limbs, and many
unheard-of torments; some were beheaded, others thrown into the sea, others
burnt, many crucified, several nailed to crosses with their heads downwards,
and great numbers were hung on gibbets in all parts of Egypt. Marcus and
Marcian are named among these holy champions; in ancient Martyrologies they are
called brothers.
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/042.html
5th
– St Dionysius (+264/5), Bishop of Alexandria. Saint Dionysius, Bishop of
Alexandria, was the son of wealthy pagan parents. He converted to Christianity
at a mature age, and became a pupil of Origen. Later, he was appointed as the
head of Alexandria’s Catechetical School, and then became Bishop of Alexandria
in the year 247. Saint Dionysius devoted much effort to defend the Church from
heresy, and he encouraged his flock in the firm confession of Orthodoxy during
the persecution under the emperors Decius (249-251) and Valerian (253-259). . .
. The rest of his life is recounted here: https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/05/102880-hieromartyr-dionysius-bishop-of-alexandria
8th
– St Thais (+4th hundredyear). A great story of deep, sincere repentance.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/08/102902-venerable-thais-of-egypt
Let
us praise the blessed Thais, / the truly fruitful branch from a corrupt root, /
the sweet stream from a salty source, / the image of repentance and rule of
patience! / Once a vessel of sin, she is now the chosen vessel of grace! / Let
us cry aloud to her: / O Venerable Thais, entreat Christ God that our souls may
be saved!
https://www.oca.org/saints/troparia/2020/10/08/102902-venerable-thais-of-egypt
So
too that of St Pelagia:
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/08/102899-venerable-pelagia-the-penitent
12th
– Sts Felix and Cyprian. + c 484. Two bishops in North Africa, leaders of a
great multitude of Orthodox - the number of four thousand nine hundred and
sixty-six is usually given- driven to starvation and death in the Sahara Desert
by the Arian Vandal King, Hunneric.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
16th
– Three sets of martyrs of Africa are celebrated today:
-Sts
Saturninus, Nereus and Companions. +450. A group of some three hundred and
sixty-five martyrs who suffered in North Africa under the Vandal King Genseric.
-Sts
Martinian, Saturian and Companions. +458. Four brothers, reduced to slavery in
the house of an Arian Vandal in Mauretania in North Africa. The four brothers
were martyred under Genseric by being dragged by horses.
-Martyrs
of North-West Africa. Two hundred and twenty Christians martyred on this day.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
22nd
– St Lot of Egypt (+5th hundredyear).
https://www.holytrinityorthodox.com/iconoftheday/los/October/22-07.htm
24th
– St Elesbaan, King of Ethiopia (+553). He rescued the people of Arabia from a
fierce persecution and afterwards exchanged his royal crown for the robes of a
monk.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/24/103048-blessed-elesbaan-king-of-ethiopia
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/24/103043-martyr-arethas-and-4299-martyrs-with-him
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/24/103049-martyr-syncletica-and-her-two-daughters
24th
– Sts Felix (Africanus), Audactus (Adauctus), Januarius, Fortunatus and
Septimus. +303. Felix was a Bishop of Thibiuca in North Africa, martyred with
others for refusing to deliver up the sacred books. He was one of the first
victims of Diocletian.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
For
a longer account: https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/242.html
Asia
Minor/Middle East/Rome:
22nd
– St Abercius, Equal to the Apostles (+167). Saint Abercius, Bishop and
Wonderworker of Hieropolis lived in the second century in Phrygia. The city of
Hieropolis was inhabited by many pagans and very few Christians. The saint
prayed to the Lord for the salvation of their souls and that they might be
numbered among God’s chosen flock. An angel appeared and bade Saint Abercius to
destroy the idols in the pagan temple. He fulfilled the command of God with
zeal. Hearing that the idol-worshippers wanted to kill him, the saint went to
the place where the people had gathered and openly denounced the failings of
the pagans. The pagans tried to seize the saint. . . . The rest is at https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/22/103022-saint-abercius-the-wonderworker-bishop-of-hieropolis-equal-of-th .
Athens:
4th
– St Hierotheos, First Bishop of Athens (+1st hundredyear). The Hieromartyr
Hierotheus, the first Bishop of Athens, was a member of the Athenian Areopagos
and was converted to Christ by the Apostle Paul together with Saint Dionysius
the Areopagite (October 3). The saint was consecrated by the Apostle Paul to
the rank of bishop. According to Tradition, Bishop Hierotheus was present with
Saint Dionysius at the funeral of the Most Holy Theotokos. Saint Hierotheus
died a martyr’s death in the first century.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/04/102849-hieromartyr-hierotheus-bishop-of-athens
Athens/France:
3rd
– St Dionysius the Areopagite, Bishop of Athens (+96), a great early
Father of the Orthodox Church. Saint Dionysius lived originally in the city of
Athens. He was raised there and received a classical Greek education. He then
went to Egypt, where he studied astronomy at the city of Heliopolis. It was in
Heliopolis, along with his friend Apollophonos where he witnessed the solar eclipse
that occurred at the moment of the death of the Lord Jesus Christ by
Crucifixion. “Either the Creator of all the world now suffers, or this visible
world is coming to an end,” Dionysius said. Upon his return to Athens from
Egypt, he was chosen to be a member of the Areopagus Council (Athenian high
court). When the holy Apostle Paul preached at the place on the Hill of Ares
(Acts 17:16-34), Dionysius accepted his salvific proclamation and became a
Christian. For three years Saint Dionysius remained a companion of the holy
Apostle Paul in preaching the Word of God. . . . The rest is at https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/03/102843-hieromartyr-dionysius-the-areopagite-bishop-of-athens .
Belgium:
1st
– St Bavo. c 589-654. Born in Brabant in Belgium, in his early years he lived
badly. Left a widower, he was converted by St Amandus and founded the monastery
of St Peter in Ghent (later called St Bavo's) and became a monk there. Finally
he lived as a hermit.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
about his inspiring life of repentance is here: https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/012.html
9th
– St Ghislain. + 680. A hermit who lived in the forest in Hainault in Belgium
where several disciples gathered around him. He built the monastery of Sts
Peter and Paul, now Saint-Ghislain near Mons, where he was abbot for thirty
years.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/093.html
11th
– St Gummarus (Gomer). c 717-774. After long and patient endurance of worldly
perversity, he reposed as a hermit. The present town of Lierre (Lier) in
Belgium grew up around his hermitage.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
A
great ensample of an honest government magistrate and a patient, suffering
husband:
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/112.html
Belgium/France:
3rd
– St Gerard of Brogne. +959. Born near Namur in Belgium, he went to France
where he became a monk at St Denis. After some years he was ordained priest and
left for Belgium in order to found a new monastery on his own estate at Brogne.
He was Abbot here for twenty-two years and revived monastic life in Flanders,
Lorraine and Champagne.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/032.html
Constantinople/New
Rome:
12th
– St Symeon the New Theologian (+1022). One of the most important and
revered Church Fathers.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/03/12/100790-venerable-simeon-the-new-theologian
England:
7th
– St Osyth of Chich. + c 700. Osyth was a princess of the Hwiccas in the west
of England. She married Sighere, King of the East Saxons. Their son, the future
St Offa, became King in 683, later abdicating. Osyth founded a convent, now St
Osyth, on a creek of the River Colne in Essex.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
She
died as a martyr. More details about St
Osyth are here:
http://orthochristian.com/124814.html
8th
– St Iwi of Lindisfarne. + c 690 A monk at Lindisfarne in England, he was
ordained deacon by St Cuthbert. His relics were later translated to Wilton near
Salisbury.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1008c.html
The
life of St Edith of Wilton also has information about St Iwi in it:
https://orthochristian.com/97360.html
10th
– St Paulinus of York. +644. Born in Rome, he was sent to England with
Sts Mellitus and Justus (601) to help St Augustine. He spent twenty-four years
in Kent and in 625 was consecrated Bishop of York and sent to enlighten
Northumbria, where he baptised King Edwin in York. After the King's martyrdom,
he returned to Kent, where he became Bishop of Rochester.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1010a.html
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/102.html
Hymns
to the Saint:
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/servpaul.htm
11th
– St Ethelburga. + c 675. Sister of St Erconwald of London, who helped found
the convent of Barking in Essex where she became abbess.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/113.html
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/11/148989-venerable-ethelburga
12th
– St Edwin, First Christian King of Northumbria and martyr. +633. In 616
he became King of Northumbria in England, married Ethelburgh of Kent and was
baptised by St Paulinus. He fell in battle at Hatfield Chase fighting against
pagan Mercians and Welsh and was venerated as a martyr.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
A
much fuller account of this important King: https://orthochristian.com/87056.html
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/12/102947-saint-edwin-king-and-martyr
Hymns
to the Saint:
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/pdf/servs/edwin.pdf
17th
– Sts Ethelbert and Ethelred. +640. Great-grandsons of St Ethelbert of Kent,
cruelly put to death at Eastry near Sandwich in England.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1017d.html
17th
– St Nothelm. +739. Eleventh Archbishop of Canterbury and a friend of St Bede
and St Boniface.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1017b.html
18th
– St James the Deacon of York. + 7th cent. A deacon
from Italy and companion of St Paulinus in his mission to Northumbria in
England where he remained faithful despite the pagan reaction after St Edwin. He is also commemorated on 17 August.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdaug.htm
More
about this brave and steadfast Saint is here: https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/18/108025-saint-james-the-deacon
19th
– St Frideswide. + c 680-735. Daughter of a prince of the Upper Thames, she
founded a convent dedicated to the Virgin on the site of what is now
Christchurch in Oxford. From childhood she took as her maxim 'Whatever is not
God is nothing'. She is the patron-saint of Oxford.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
A
much more detailed account of St Frideswide’s life and legacy is here: https://orthochristian.com/98258.html
20th
– St Acca. c. 660-742. A disciple of St Bosa of York in England and St Wilfrid
and a companion of the latter in his travels. He became Abbot of St Andrew's in
Hexham and in 709 he succeeded Wilfrid as bishop there. He was described by
Bede as 'great in the sight of God and man'.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
is at https://celticsaints.org/2020/1020c.html .
23rd
– St Elfleda (Aelflead). + c 936. A princess who lived as an anchoress in
Glastonbury in England. She was revered by St Dunstan.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
about Glastonbury and her Saints: https://orthochristian.com/130555.html
23rd
– Ethelfleda (Elfleda). + c 970. Daughter of Earl Ethelwold, founder of Romsey
in England, she became a nun there and eventually abbess after St Merewenna.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
about St Ethelfleda is here: https://orthochristian.com/125105.html .
26th
– ST ALFRED THE GREAT, Eternal King of England and Chief Patron Saint of the
South. 849-899. King of Wessex and all Orthodox England who defeated the
Danish invaders and ensured the growth of the Church in England. A patron of
sacred learning, Alfred the Great himself translated into English such works as
the Dialogues of St Gregory the Great. His memory is held by many in great
veneration as a patriot and model of Orthodox kingship.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
For
a much longer account of his life:
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/athlifea.htm
More
about St Alfred:
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/zathelney.htm
A
church service and hymns for the Saint:
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/pdf/servs/Alfred.pdf
On
St Alfred as the kinsman-redeemer of the South:
https://confiterijournal.blogspot.com/2013/04/the-kinsman-redeemer-of-south.html
England/Germany:
3rd
– Sts Ewald the Fair and Ewald the Dark. + c 695. Two brothers born in
Northumbria in England who became monks and priests and followed St Willibrord
to Frisia in Holland. They were martyred together in Aplerbeck, now a suburb of
Dortmund in Germany.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/033.html
12th
– St Wilfrid of York. 633-709. Born in Ripon in England, he became a monk at
Lindisfarne. After a short stay in Canterbury he went to France and Rome
(653-657). On his return to Northumbria he founded the monastery of Ripon and
in 668 played a leading part in the Council of Whitby. The rest of his life was
occupied with journeys and missionary work among the Frisians and in Sussex.
His zeal made him an important if controversial figure.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://orthodoxwiki.org/Wilfrid
https://orthochristian.com/103642.html
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/121.html
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/pdf/servs/wilfrid.pdf
14th
– St Burchard. + c 754. Born in England, he went to Germany with St Boniface (c
732). He became Bishop of Würzburg and founded several monasteries, of which
the most important was St Andrew's, later named after him.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/143.html
15th
– St Thecla. + c 790. A nun at Wimborne in England, she went to Germany with St
Lioba. She became the first Abbess of Ochsenfürt and then of Kitzingen on the
Main.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/152.html
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1015c.html
16th
– St Lull. +787. A monk at Malmesbury in England and a relative of St Boniface,
he went to Germany and in 751 St Boniface consecrated him bishop. After his
master's martyrdom he took his place. He founded several monasteries.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
For
more, see https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/162.html .
France:
1st
– St Remigius of Rheims. + c 533. Called 'the Apostle of the Franks'.
A Gallo-Roman by birth, in 459 he was chosen to be Bishop of Rheims in France
when he was still a layman. During the seventy-four years he was bishop he was
the most influential prelate in Gaul, the culminating event of his life being
the baptism of Clovis, King of the Franks, in 496.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
Longer
accounts of this glorious Saint of the West:
Shorter:
https://orthodoxwiki.org/Remigius_of_Rheims
Longer:
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/011.html
Hymns
in his honor:
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/pdf/servs/Hilarius_and_Remigius.pdf
2nd
– St Leodegarius (Leger). c 616-678. Nephew of the Bishop of Poitiers in
France, in 653 he became Abbot of St Maxentius. In 659 he became Bishop of
Autun. His connection with the court brought on him the fury of the tyrant
Ebroin who had the saint imprisoned, blinded and finally murdered.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
‘Few
saints are more reverenced in many parts of France than this martyr.’ Read on at this page to find out why he is
held in such high regard: https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/023.html
6th
– St Faith (Foi). + 3rd cent. A holy virgin in Agen in the south of France,
burnt to death under Maximian Herculeus. Her shrine in Conques is very famous.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abbey_Church_of_Sainte-Foy
Her
interrogation by Dacian is given here:
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/062.html
St
Foi is honored in parts of Spain and England as well.
13th
– St Gerald of Aurillac. 855-909. Gerald, Count of Aurillac in France, led
virtuous life as a layman. He founded a monastery on his estate and endowed it.
He is the patron-saint of Upper Auvergne.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
on this wonderful ensample of a Christian gentleman: https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/135.html
14th
– St Ménéhould (Manehildis). + c 490. Born in Perthois in France, she was the
youngest of seven sisters, all of whom are honoured as saints in various parts
of Champagne. She is the patroness of Sainte-Ménéhould.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
15th
– St Aurelia. + 1027. A princess who lived for fifty-five years as an anchoress
in Strasbourg in France.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
15th
– St Hospicius. + c 580. A hermit at the place now
called after him, Cap-Saint-Hospice, between Villefrance and Banlieu in France.
His relics were translated to Lérins.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
He
is a great ensample of one brokenhearted over his own sins and the sins of his
own people (a French Jeremiah, Rev Alban Butler calls him):
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/153.html
17th
– St Anstrudis. +688. Daughter of Sts Blandinus and Salaberga, the founders of
the convent of St John the Baptist in Laon. Mother and daughter were
successively the first two abbesses. She had much to suffer at the hands of
Ebroin, the oppressor of all the saints of that age
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/172.html
18th
– St Justus. +287. A child-martyr aged nine, he was venerated in Beauvais in
France.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
23rd
– St Romanus. +639. Bishop of Rouen. He devoted himself to the care of
prisoners, particularly those condemned to death, and he also preached actively
against paganism.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
A
longer account is here: https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/232.html
31st
– St Quentin. ? According to tradition, Quentin was born in Rome and went to
France. He enlightened the area round Amiens and was martyred at the town now
called Saint-Quentin.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
A
longer account is here: https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/311.html .
France/Germany:
23rd
– St Severinus. + c 403. Born in Bordeaux in France, he became Bishop of
Cologne in Germany and was a prominent opponent of Arianism.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
HIS
name is famous in the annals of the church. By his learning and zeal, not only
his own diocess, but also that of Tongres was purged from the venom of the
Arian heresy, about the year 390. St. Gregory of Tours tells us that St.
Severin knew by revelation the death and glory of St. Martin, at the time of
his departure. He led an angelical life, and died soon after St. Martin, in
400.
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/235.html
28th
– St Faro. + c 675. A brother of Sts Fara and Cognoaldus. He became a
monk, either at Luxeuil or else at Rebais and finally Bishop of Meaux in France
(626). He greatly encouraged monasticism.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
The
eminent sanctity of St. Faro, the fourteenth bishop of this see [of Meaux], has
rendered his name the most illustrious of all the prelates of this see.
Read
more about St Faro here: https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/283.html
France/Italy:
4th
– St Petronius. Probably the son of a prefect in France, he visited the monks
in Palestine and prayed at the holy places. He became Bishop of Bologna in
Italy and built the monastery of St Stephen there, reproducing the general
lines of the buildings of the holy places in Jerusalem.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
For
more details: https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/043.html
France/Wales/Germany:
15th
– St Severus. + c 455. Born in France, he was a disciple of St Germanus of
Auxerre and St Lupus of Troyes. He accompanied St Germanus to Britain to oppose
the Pelagian heresy. He preached the Gospel to the Germans on the lower Moselle
and became Bishop of Trier in Germany (446-c 455).
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
Georgia:
1st
– The Finding of the Precious Robe of the Lord (4th hundredyear).
Greece/Russia:
26th
– Holy, Glorious Demetrius the Myrrh-Gusher of Thessalonica (+306). The
Great Martyr Demetrius the Myrrh-gusher of Thessalonica was the son of a Roman
proconsul in Thessalonica. Three centuries had elapsed and Roman paganism,
spiritually shattered and defeated by the multitude of martyrs and confessors
of the Savior, intensified its persecutions. The parents of Saint Demetrius
were secretly Christians, and he was baptized and raised in the Christian Faith
in a secret church in his father’s home. By the time Demetrius had reached
maturity and his father had died, the emperor Galerius Maximian had ascended
the throne (305). Maximian, confident in Demetrius’ education as well as his
administrative and military abilities, appointed him to his father’s position
as proconsul of the Thessalonica district. The main tasks of this young
commander were to defend the city from barbarians and to eradicate
Christianity. The emperor’s policy regarding Christians was expressed simply,
“Put to death anyone who calls on the name of Christ.” The emperor did not
suspect that by appointing Demetrius he had provided a way for him to lead many
people to Christ. Accepting the appointment, Demetrius returned to Thessalonica
and immediately confessed and glorified our Lord Jesus Christ. Instead of
persecuting and executing Christians, he began to teach the Christian Faith
openly to the inhabitants of the city and to overthrow pagan customs and
idolatry. . . . The rest is at https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/26/103059-holy-glorious-demetrius-the-myrrh-gusher-of-thessalonica .
Greece/Scotland:
8th
– St Triduana (+4th or 8th hundredyear). Saint Triduana is connected with the mission of Saint
Regulus (f.d. March 30) to carry the relics of Saint Andrew (f.d. November 30)
to Scotland. She is said to have been an abbess and to have lived with two
companions at Roscoby (Forfarshire). Her shrine at Restalrig near Edinburgh was
an important pilgrimage centre until it was completely destroyed on December
21, 1560, by Scottish Deformers. The site of her well here has been excavated.
It reveals the former positions of a two story building, a chapel, and piscina
built over the well itself. A portion of the 1487 collegiate church, which was
endowed by at least three kings, remains. There is a second shrine beside Saint
Tredwell's Loch at Papa Westray in the Orkneys. She is invoked for cures of eye
diseases because of a belief that she plucked out her beautiful eyes and gave
them to a local prince who was attracted to her because of them. Triduana is
the patroness of Caithness (Kintradwell). Aberdeen claims some of Triduana's
relics. . . .
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1008b.html
She
is ‘one of the most venerated female saints of Scotland’.
https://orthochristian.com/98004.html
17th
– St Regulus (Rule). ? 4th cent. By tradition an abbot who brought relics of St
Andrew from Greece to Scotland, leading to St Andrew's adoption as the patron-saint
of Scotland (refer to the links above for St Triduana for more about this
event).
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
Ireland:
12th
– St Fiacc. 5th cent. A bishop in Ireland, friend and disciple of St Patrick,
in whose honour he wrote a hymn which still exists.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
A
poet, chief bishop of Leinster, and founder of two churches.
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1012a.html
St
Fiacc’s Hymn may be read here:
http://www.voskrese.info/spl/fiacc.html
29th
– St Colman of Kilmacduagh. + c 632. A hermit in Arranmore and Burren in Co.
Clare in Ireland. He then founded the monastery of Kilmacduagh, i.e. the church
of the son of Duac, where he was abbot.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
about this much venerated Saint of Ireland is here:
https://orthochristian.com/75046.html
Ireland/Austria:
13th
– St Colman of Stockerau. +1012. Born in Ireland, he was going through Austria
on his way to the Holy Land, when he was arrested as a spy, tortured and hanged
with evildoers in Stockerau near Vienna. Miracles were worked by his relics and
he was venerated as a saint. He is honoured as one of the patron-saints of
Austria.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
Further
details: https://celticsaints.org/2020/1013b.html
Ireland/Cornwall:
31st
– St Erth (Herygh, Urith). +6th cent. Brother of St Uny and St Ia (Ives). He
went from Ireland to Cornwall, where a church is dedicated to him, and also
gave his name to the village of St Erth.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
about St Erth and his companions: https://orthochristian.com/116654.html .
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1031a.html
Ireland/England/France/Belgium:
31st
– St Foillan. + c 655. Brother of Sts Fursey and Ultan. They left Ireland for
East Anglia in England. St Foillan became the Abbot of Burgh Castle near
Yarmouth but when this monastery was destroyed, he went to Belgium. St Ita of
Nivelles gave him land at Fosses where he founded a monastery. He enlightened
Brabant but was killed by robbers and is venerated as a martyr.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
on St Foillan and his brothers is here: https://orthochristian.com/90151.html .
Ireland/France/Germany:
16th
– St Eliphius (Eloff). Died 362. An Irishman--or Scot--by birth, Saint Eliphius
preached the Gospel of Christ in Toul, France, and won about 400 souls for
Christ. Eliphius, his brother Eucharius, and two sisters were beheaded at Toul
under Julian the Apostate. Mount Eliph, where they were buried, honours his
memory. Their relics were translated to Cologne, Germany, in the 10th century.
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1016e.html
Ireland/France/Switzerland:
16th
– St Gall. c 550-645. A monk at Bangor in Ireland, he accompanied St
Columbanus to France where he helped found Luxeuil. He was exiled and settled
in Switzerland where the monastery and town of Saint Gall later grew up. He
is venerated as one of the Apostles of Switzerland.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
A
longer account: https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/161.html
Pictures
of the famous monastery today: https://whc.unesco.org/en/list/268/gallery/
Ireland/Germany:
21st
– St Wendolinus (Wendelinus, Wendel). + 7th century. A shepherd who was famous
for his holiness and is venerated at St Wendel on the Nahe in the west of
Germany.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1021c.html
Ireland/Italy:
22nd
– St Donatus. +874. Born in Ireland, he went on pilgrimage to Rome and became
Bishop of Fiesole near Florence in Italy. He was very devoted to St Brigid of
Kildare.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1022a.html
Ireland/Scotland:
13th
– St Comgan. 8th century. Saint Comgan, son of King
Ceallach (Kelly) of Leinster, was the brother of Saint Kentigern (f.d. January
7) and uncle to Saint Fillan (f.d. January 19). Farmer reports that he
succeeded his father as chief. After a defeat in battle, Comgan, Kentigerna,
her three sons, and seven others were exiled by a coalition of neighbouring
tribes. They settled in western Ross, where Comgan founded a monastery at
Lochalsh, opposite Skye. He embraced the monastic life in Scotland, where his
feast is kept in the diocese of Aberdeen. Comgan's relics were buried by Fillan
at Iona and a church built over them. Many churches in the area mark their
movements.
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1013a.html
Much
more about this holy family of Saints may be found here: https://orthochristian.com/76644.html
21st
– St Fintan Munnu. + c 635. A disciple of St Columba at Iona, he later founded
the monastery of Taghmon in Co. Wexford in Ireland. In Scotland he is called St
Mundus. He bore a terrible skin disease with great patience.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
about this great spiritual father is here: https://orthochristian.com/87348.html
27th
– St Oran. (Otteran, Odhran). + c 563. An Abbot of Meath in Ireland, he went to
Scotland with St Columba and was the first to repose on Iona. His feast is kept
in Ireland and he is the main patron of Waterford.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
A
current monk from Mull Monastery (Scotland) reflects on St Oran: https://www.ancientfaith.com/podcasts/monkseyes/understanding_the_celtic_saints
Ireland/Wales/Scotland:
11th
– St Kenneth of Aghaboe. c 525-c 599. Born in the north of Ireland, he
was a disciple of St Finian of Clonard and St Cadoc in Wales. He founded the
monastery of Agahaboe and perhaps of Kilkenny, which is named after him. He
later preached in Scotland where he was the first to build a church in the
place now known as St Andrews. He is one of the greatest Irish ascetics and
most venerated saints in Ireland after St. Patrick and St. Brigid. He is
also among the 12 Apostles of Ireland.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
A
much fuller account is here: https://orthochristian.com/74549.html
Italy:
7th
– St Justina of Padua. SHE suffered at Padua in the persecution of Dioclesian,
about the year 304, or, according to some, in that of Nero. Fortunatus ranks
her among the most illustrious holy virgins, whose sanctity and triumph have
adorned and edified the church, saying that her name makes Padua illustrious,
as Euphemia Chalcedon, and Eulalia the city Emerita. . . . Another famous
church of St. Justina stands in the city of Venice, formerly collegiate, now in
the hands of nuns. The senate makes to it the most solemn procession on the
7th of October, in thanksgiving for the victory of Lepante, gained over the
Turks on that day, which is her festival.
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/074.html
23rd
– St Boethius. c 480-524. The statesman and philosopher Anicius Manlius
Torquatus Severinus Boethius was the author of De Consolatione Philosophiae.
About the year 534 he fell into disfavour with the barbarian king and was
martyred at Pavia in Italy. His relics are enshrined at the Cathedral of Pavia.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
For
a longer life of St Boethius and for links to some of his works, visit this
site: https://www.ccel.org/ccel/boethius
Italy/France:
9th
– Sts Denis, Rusticus, and Eleutherius. + c 250. According to St Gregory
of Tours, Denis, or Dionysius, was born in Italy and sent with five other
bishops to Gaul: he became the first Bishop of Paris. He and his two companions
were beheaded under Decius and the monastery of St Denis was built over their
tomb.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
St
Denis is one of the patron saints of France.
https://www.holytrinityorthodox.com/iconoftheday/los/October/09-09.htm
https://orthodoxwiki.org/Dionysius_of_Paris
14th
– Holy Martyrs Nazarius, Gervasius, Protasius, and Celsus of Milan (+ 1st c.).
These martyrs contested for the faith in Milan, and were beheaded under the
Emperor Nero. Many years later, their relics were discovered by St Ambrose
through a vision, and were given honorable burial.
http://www.abbamoses.com/months/october.html
For
more, visit this page: https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/14/102964-martyrs-gervasius-nazarius-protasius-and-celsus-of-milan .
Mount
Athos:
10th
- 26 Monkmartyrs of the Zographou Monastery on Mount Athos (+1284). In
the year 1274 at the Council of Lyons (in France), the Byzantine emperor
Michael VIII Paleologos decided to buttress his waning power by forming a union
with Catholic Rome. This step evoked universal discontent. In 1278, the emperor
issued a decree to introduce the Union at Constantinople by forceful measures,
if necessary. Mt. Athos stood in firm opposition to the Union. The Athonite
monks sent a letter to Michael pointing out that the primacy of the Pope, his
commemoration in the churches, celebrating the Eucharist with unleavened bread,
the insertion of the “filioque” [“and from the Son”] into the Creed, could not
be accepted by Orthodox, and they asked the emperor to change his mind. “We
clearly see,” the letter said, “that you are becoming a heretic, but we implore
you to forsake all this and abide in the teachings that were handed down to
you.... Reject the unholy and novel teachings of a false knowledge,
speculations, and additions to the Faith.” The Crusaders pushed out of
Palestine and finding refuge in the Byzantine Empire, declared to the emperor
their readiness to affirm the power of the Pope by fire and sword, if
necessary. . . . The rest is at https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/10/108024-26-martyrs-of-the-zographou-monastery-on-mount-athos-at-the-hand .
Old
Rome:
5th
– St Galla. + c 550. A lady in Rome who, as a widow, led the life of an
anchoress on the Vatican Hill, where she died of breast cancer.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
details: https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/052.html
19th
– Sts Ptolemy and Lucius and a third martyr companion. + c 165. Martyrs in Rome
under Antoninus Pius. Ptolemy was put to death for instructing a woman in the
Orthodox Faith. One Lucius and an unnamed man protested against the injustice
of the sentence and were also martyred. Their story was written down by St
Justin Martyr, their contemporary.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/192.html
29th
– Sts Anastasia and Cyril. + c 253. Early martyrs in Rome. The former was bound
with chains in Valerian's persecution under the Prefect Probus, tortured, her
breasts cut off, her nails torn out, her teeth broken, her hands and feet cut
off, and being beheaded, she passed to her Bridegroom; Cyril, who offered her
water when she begged for it, received martyrdom as his reward.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
details are here: https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/29/103099-monastic-martyr-anastasia-of-rome
Old
Rome/Mesopotamia:
23rd
– St Macarius the Roman (+4th/5th hundredyear). One day, the cave where holy
ascetic Makarios lived was found by three monks from the Monastery of Saint
Asclepius in Mesopotamia. Sergius, Hyginos and Theophilos had left the
monastery in order to wander through the world, seeking a sign from God which
would be beneficial for their salvation. Suddenly, as they approached the cave,
they noticed a marvelous fragrance issuing forth from it. Then they saw an old
man walking toward them, covered only by his hair and a beard which reached his
knees. He threw himself to the ground and remained there for several minutes,
until he was sure the three strangers were not really demons. When he was
satisfied that he was not experiencing some sort of delusion, he invited them
into his cave. The oldest monk asked him to relate his story, which he did.
Saint Makarios told them that he was born in Rome and was the son of a wealthy
Senator named John. When he was old enough to be married, his parents betrothed
him against his will. There was a celebration following the wedding, but
instead of entering the bridal chamber, he fled to the home of a pious widow,
where he spent seven days secretly weeping and entreating God to help him. . .
. The rest is at https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/23/206395-saint-macarius-the-roman-of-mesopotamia .
Palestine:
17th
– Holy Prophet Hosea.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/17/102983-prophet-hosea
19th
– Holy Prophet Joel.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/19/102997-prophet-joel
28th
– St Cyriacus and his mother Anna, martyrs (+363). Cyriacus was born a Jew and
bore the name Judas before believing in Christ. He was one of the workers
employed by Saint Helena when she came to Jerusalem to uncover the Cross of
Christ. Thus, he was an eye-witness to the Cross' discovery and the many
miracles wrought by it; he believed in Christ ,was baptized, and in time became
a Bishop in the Church of Jerusalem. He lived into the reign of Julian the
Apostate (361-363). The tyrannical Emperor, who was passing through Palestine on
the way to Persia (where he would die), had the holy bishop seized and
subjected to horrid tortures to force him to deny Christ. Cyriacus' mother Anna
rushed to his side to encourage him and bid him farewell; she also was seized,
and the two gave up their souls to God on the same day.
http://www.abbamoses.com/months/october.html
Palestine/Asia
Minor:
16th
– St Longinus the Centurion (+1st hundredyear). This is the
Centurion who stood at the Cross of Christ and, seeing Him breathe his last,
cried out "Truly this was the Son of God" (Matthew 27:54). From that
day forth he was a believer, and was soon baptized. According to some accounts,
he was one of the guard at the Tomb of Christ, and was one of those whom the
Judaean leaders sought to bribe not to tell the news of the Resurrection. But
Longinus would not be bribed, so the leaders plotted to kill him. He left the
army and went to his homeland of Cappadocia, where he boldly preached Christ.
He was beheaded at the instigation of Pontius Pilate.
http://www.abbamoses.com/months/october.html
For
a longer version: https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/16/102980-martyr-longinus-the-centurion-who-stood-at-the-cross-of-the-lord
Palestine/Cyprus:
21st
– St Hilarion the Great (+371-2). A spiritual son of St Anthony the
Great of Egypt, he himself became a great monastic founder, spiritual father,
and wonderworker of the Palestinian lands.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/21/103009-venerable-hilarion-the-great
Spain:
13th
– Sts Faustus, Januarius and Martial. +304. Martyrs in Cordoba in Spain under
Diocletian and called 'The Three Crowns of Cordoba'.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
19th
– St Laura. +864. Born in Cordoba, in Spain, as a widow she became a nun at
Cuteclara. Condemned as a Christian by the Moors she was thrown into a cauldron
of molten lead.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
22nd
– Sts Nunilo and Alodia. +851. Two sisters born in Adahuesca in Huesca in
Spain. Daughters of a Muslim father and Christian mother, they were raised as
Christians. After the death of their father, their mother married another
Muslim, who brutally persecuted them and had them imprisoned. They were finally
beheaded in Huesca during the persecution of Abderrahman II.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
about these praiseworthy sisters is here: https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/222.html
Spain/Africa:
30th
– Sts Marcellus and Cassian. + 298. A Roman centurion in Tangier in North
Africa. During a festival in honour of the Emperor, he refused to join in the
pagan celebrations and declared himself to be Orthodox. The notary, St Cassian,
who refused to write the official report was also martyred, as were the sons of
St Marcellus, Claudius, Lupercus, and Victorius.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
about Sts Marcellus and Cassian: https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/301.html
Switzerland/France/Belgium:
16th
– St Mummolin. + c 686. Born in Constance in Switzerland, he became a monk at
Luxeuil in France and was eventually sent to St Omer and made Abbot of the Old
Monastery (now Saint Mommolin). From there he became Abbot of Sithin, founded
by his friend St Bertinus. Finally in 660 he was made Bishop of Noyon-Tournai
in Belgium.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/163.html
Syria:
1st
– St Ananias, who restored the sight of the Holy Apostle Paul.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/01/102825-apostle-ananias-of-the-seventy
Syria/Constantinople:
1st
– St Romanos the Sweet-Singer (+556), one of the most important
hymn-writers in Church history.
https://www.oca.org/saints/lives/2020/10/01/102826-venerable-romanus-the-melodist-sweet-singer
Syria/France:
St
Aurea. +666. A Syrian, she moved to France and became Abbess of St Martial in
Paris, where she remained for thirty-three years.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
WHEN
St. Eligius, by the liberality of King Dagobert, settled at Paris a nunnery of
three hundred virgins, he appointed Aurea abbess of that numerous family. She
walked before them in the exercises of religious perfection, and, in the
thirty-fourth year of her abbatial dignity, being invited to glory by St.
Eligius in a vision after his death, she exhorted her sisters to rejoice at the
near prospect of their bliss, and died on the 4th of October in 666. With her
one hundred and sixty of her nuns were swept off by the pestilence. Her nunnery
was called St. Eligius’s and St. Aurea’s. Her relics have been in some
former ages in equal veneration at Paris with those of St. Genevieve.
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/045.html
Syria/Nicomedia:
2nd
– Sts Justina, Cyprian, and Theoctistus, martyrs (+304). An excellent
illustration of how the humble Christian Faith can route all the seemingly
powerful works of the devil and the demons:
Wales/Brittany:
24th
– St Maglorius. + c 575. Maglorius was born in south Wales but went to Brittany
with St Samson. Here they became abbots of two monasteries, St Samson at Dol
and St Maglorius at Lammeur. St Samson became Bishop of Dol and on his repose
was succeeded by St Maglorius, who finally crossed to the Channel Islands and
built a monastery on Sark where he reposed.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/243.html
https://celticsaints.org/2020/1024c.html
Wales/England/Cornwall:
8th
– St Keyne. 5th cent. Born in Wales, she lived as an anchoress in Cornwall.
Some say that Keynsham in Somerset was named after her. A church in Cornwall is
dedicated to her.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
More
about St Keyne is here: http://orthochristian.com/116654.html
Wales/France/Ireland:
19th
– St Ethbin. + c 600. Born in Britain, he was a disciple of St Samson in
Brittany. Ordained deacon, he served at the monastery of Taurac until it was
destroyed by the Franks. He then went to Ireland and led the life of a hermit
near Kildare.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/194.html
Wales/Germany:
21st
– St Ursula and her martyr companions. 4th cent.? Early and famous
virgin-martyrs in Cologne in Germany.
http://orthodoxengland.org.uk/stdoct.htm
St
Ursula was the inspiration for the formation of the Ursuline nuns, who played a
formative role in Louisiana’s early history:
https://www.bartleby.com/210/10/211.html
https://www.nola.com/300/article_b3d91354-6a1a-5811-9bb2-1820588d4a63.html
https://www.uanola.org/about/ursuline-heritage
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Holy
Ælfred the Great, King of England, South Patron, pray for us sinners at the Souð, unworthy though we are!
Anathema
to the Union!
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